{"id":2100,"date":"2017-12-07T10:37:23","date_gmt":"2017-12-07T09:37:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/?page_id=2100"},"modified":"2021-06-16T14:11:32","modified_gmt":"2021-06-16T12:11:32","slug":"kratka-ilustrace-uskali-pri-prekladu-tezauru-mesh","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/archiv\/2017-22-3-4\/kratka-ilustrace-uskali-pri-prekladu-tezauru-mesh\/","title":{"rendered":"Kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 ilustrace \u00faskal\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159ekladu tezauru MeSH"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alena \u0160\u00edmov\u00e1, Alena Smutn\u00e1, NLK<\/strong><\/p>\n

V N\u00e1rodn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 knihovn\u011b je tezaurus MeSH z angli\u010dtiny p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1n ji\u017e od roku 1977 a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se zejm\u00e9na pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed registruj\u00edc\u00ed bibliografie – Bibliographia medica \u010cechoslovaca (BM\u010c). Slovn\u00edk je pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b aktualizov\u00e1n. V d\u016fsledku toho p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u00fdrazy, u jejich\u017e spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu je t\u0159eba rady odborn\u00edka. V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed k rychl\u00e9mu rozvoji klinick\u00e9 biochemie a spolu s t\u00edm i k n\u00e1r\u016fstu a zm\u011bn\u00e1m jej\u00ed terminologie.<\/p>\n

Doch\u00e1z\u00ed k po\u010de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u011b latinsk\u00fdch v\u00fdraz\u016f, k mixov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed a modern\u00ed transkripce sou\u010dasn\u011b v jednom n\u00e1zvu a k n\u00e1r\u016fstu anglicism\u016f (nap\u0159. v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch textech i ve Velk\u00e9m l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9m slovn\u00edku se vyskytuje tvar galaktosa-1-fosf\u00e1turidyltransfer\u00e1za, ale pokud by m\u011bl b\u00fdt cel\u00fd v\u00fdraz po\u010de\u0161t\u011bn, tak by to spr\u00e1vn\u011b m\u011blo b\u00fdt galakt\u00f3za-1-fosf\u00e1turidyltransfer\u00e1za) a nav\u00edc se n\u011bkdy pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00edce r\u016fzn\u00fdch podobn\u011b nespr\u00e1vn\u00fdch n\u00e1zv\u016f pro jednu l\u00e1tku.<\/p>\n

Pro pou\u010den\u00ed, jak postupovat p\u0159i p\u0159ekladu biochemick\u00fdch term\u00edn\u016f, za\u0161ly p\u0159ekladatelky MeSH na katedru biochemie P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty UK. M\u011bly s sebou seznam n\u00e1zv\u016f enzym\u016f, kter\u00e9 cht\u011bly upravit na po\u010de\u0161t\u011blou verzi, a u kter\u00fdch byl sou\u010dasn\u011b rozpor, jak by m\u011bl s koncovkou -\u00e1za vypadat zbytek hesla. Tedy nap\u0159. zda ps\u00e1t \u201einositolkin\u00e1za\u201c nebo \u201einozitolkin\u00e1za\u201c.<\/p>\n

Spole\u010dn\u011b s profesory Hodkem, Hude\u010dkem a pan\u00ed profesorkou Stiborovou z katedry bylo konzultov\u00e1no n\u00e1zvoslov\u00ed enzym\u016f, resp. jejich spr\u00e1vn\u00fd pravopis. Na okraj je t\u0159eba uv\u00e9st, \u017ee podle poradce z \u00dastavu pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd by m\u011bla platit z\u00e1sada: kdy\u017e po\u010de\u0161t\u011bl\u00fd term\u00edn, tak cel\u00fd po\u010de\u0161t\u011bl\u00fd. Probl\u00e9m je v\u0161ak v tom, \u017ee se v medic\u00edn\u011b zat\u00edm nejv\u00edce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 varianta, kde je tvar \u010dist\u011b latinsk\u00fd zakon\u010den\u00fd p\u0159\u00edponou -\u00e1za. Na kated\u0159e biochemie zase naopak dr\u017e\u00ed latinskou verzi jako jedinou spr\u00e1vnou.<\/p>\n

Terminologie je pro chemiky dan\u00e1, klasicky latinsk\u00e1 (koncovky -asa, -osa, nikoli dlouh\u00e9 \u00e1, \u00f3, s nikoli z, th nikoli t apod.), modern\u00ed pravopis se u\u017eije v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy je to v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m (neodborn\u00e9m) textu – etyl\u00e9n, nikoli ethylen apod. Tak\u017ee z\u00e1v\u011br biochemik\u016f je, \u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed chemick\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy na \u00farovni “\u017eargonu”. Bohu\u017eel to zat\u00edm vypad\u00e1 na nedostatek dobr\u00e9 v\u016fle z obou stran \u010desk\u00e9 biochemick\u00e9 v\u011bdy p\u0159i domluv\u011b a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1sad po\u010de\u0161t\u011bl\u00e9ho chemick\u00e9ho n\u00e1zvoslov\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee c\u00edlem p\u0159ekladatelek MeSH je m\u00edt chemick\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy uveden\u00e9 v z\u00e1hlav\u00ed tezauru jednotn\u00e9 a proto\u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 po\u010de\u0161t\u011bl\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy maj\u00ed v\u00edce \u010desk\u00fdch variant a zat\u00edm neexistuje shoda v tom, kter\u00e1 je ta spr\u00e1vn\u00e1, vy\u00fastil rozbor situace na z\u00e1klad\u011b konzultac\u00ed do rozhodnut\u00ed, \u017ee pravopis hlavn\u00edch deskriptor\u016f v odd\u00edlu D (Chemik\u00e1lie a l\u00e9\u010diva) bude v p\u0159ekladu MeSH sjednocov\u00e1n podle p\u016fvodn\u00edho latinsk\u00e9ho vzoru. Ve viz odkazech potom budou uvedeny v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u010de\u0161t\u011bl\u00e9 varianty. Nebo\u0165 c\u00edlem nen\u00ed u\u017eivatele\/\u010dten\u00e1\u0159e vychovat a pou\u010dit, co je nejspr\u00e1vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit se mu tak, aby mohl naj\u00edt to, co chce, a\u0165 u\u017e to nap\u00ed\u0161e, jak chce.<\/p>\n

\r\n

Citace<\/h2>\r\n

\u0160\u00cdMOV\u00c1, Alena a Alena SMUTN\u00c1. . L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 knihovna<\/i> [online]. 2017, ro\u010d. 22, \u010d. 3-4 [cit. 05.11.2026]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2100<\/a>. ISSN 1804-2031.<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alena \u0160\u00edmov\u00e1, Alena Smutn\u00e1, NLK V N\u00e1rodn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 knihovn\u011b je tezaurus MeSH z angli\u010dtiny p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1n ji\u017e od roku 1977 a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se zejm\u00e9na pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed registruj\u00edc\u00ed bibliografie – Bibliographia medica \u010cechoslovaca (BM\u010c).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"parent":2023,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[58,25],"class_list":["post-2100","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","tag-aktuality","tag-mesh"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.6","language":"en","enabled_languages":["cs","en"],"languages":{"cs":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2100"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6174,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2100\/revisions\/6174"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2023"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}