{"id":7884,"date":"2023-12-12T12:39:19","date_gmt":"2023-12-12T11:39:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/?page_id=7884"},"modified":"2023-12-12T12:39:19","modified_gmt":"2023-12-12T11:39:19","slug":"wurtzova-sbirka-a-jeji-zpristupneni-v-ramci-projektu-images-of-disability","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/archiv\/2023-28-3-4\/wurtzova-sbirka-a-jeji-zpristupneni-v-ramci-projektu-images-of-disability\/","title":{"rendered":"W\u00fcrtzova sb\u00edrka a jej\u00ed zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed v r\u00e1mci projektu Images of Disability"},"content":{"rendered":"
PhDr. Veronika L\u00f6blov\u00e1, NLK<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Zdravotnick\u00e9 muzeum NLK uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 mimo jin\u00e9 i\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b rozs\u00e1hlou sb\u00edrku v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed. Jej\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed tzv. W\u00fcrtzova sb\u00edrka, ucelen\u00e1 kolekce so\u0161ek a\u00a0grafick\u00fdch list\u016f, jej\u00edm\u017e spole\u010dn\u00fdm t\u00e9matem jsou lidsk\u00e1 t\u011blesn\u00e1 posti\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Sb\u00edrka byla poprv\u00e9 p\u0159edstavena na v\u00fdstav\u011b v\u00a0Oskar-Helene-Heim v\u00a0Berl\u00edn\u011b v\u00a0r.\u00a01932, kdy vy\u0161la i\u00a0W\u00fcrtzova kniha \u201eZerbrecht die Kr\u00fccken\u201c s podrobn\u00fdm seznamem a\u00a0popisem expon\u00e1t\u016f, byla to vlastn\u011b jedin\u00e1 ucelen\u00e1 v\u00fdstava t\u00e9to kolekce a\u017e do dne\u0161n\u00edch dn\u016f.<\/p>\n

V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm roce 1933 se W\u00fcrtz musel uch\u00fdlit do emigrace do Prahy, kde velkou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9 sb\u00edrky p\u0159edal sv\u00e9mu \u010desk\u00e9mu kolegovi, \u0159editeli Jedli\u010dkova \u00fastavu dr. Augustinu Barto\u0161ovi (1888-1969), n\u00e1stupci po dr. Rudolfu Jedli\u010dkovi (1869\u20131926), zakladateli tohoto prvn\u00edho \u010desk\u00e9ho \u00fastavu pro posti\u017een\u00e9 d\u011bti.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch letech, kdy se vr\u00e1til do Berl\u00edna, se je\u0161t\u011b pokusil sb\u00edrku obnovit a\u00a0nafotit zachoval\u00e9 negativy, kter\u00e9 se poda\u0159ilo zachr\u00e1nit ve sklepen\u00ed berl\u00ednsk\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, ale bohu\u017eel se mu ji nepoda\u0159ilo shrom\u00e1\u017edit v\u00a0cel\u00e9m jej\u00edm rozsahu.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Hans W\u00fcrtz se svoj\u00ed \u017eenou Rosou W\u00fcrtzovou \/ foto www.imagesofdisability.org<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00fadaje o\u00a0rozsahu sb\u00edrky, p\u016fvodn\u011b to m\u011blo b\u00fdt snad 5000 obraz\u016f \u2013 v\u011bt\u0161inou reprodukc\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00fdst\u0159i\u017ek\u016f, 400 plastik a\u00a0900 knih. Dnes je zn\u00e1m\u00fdch 3500 obraz\u016f ve form\u011b rytin, litografi\u00ed, kreseb, reprodukc\u00ed z\u00a0\u010dasopis\u016f a\u00a0fotografi\u00ed, jejich\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina je dnes ulo\u017eena v\u00a0Praze ve sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch Zdravotnick\u00e9ho muzea\u00a0NLK (519 grafick\u00fdch list\u016f) a\u00a0Jedli\u010dkova \u00fastavu, unik\u00e1tn\u00ed soubor 177 so\u0161ek, v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti ve Zdravotnick\u00e9m muzeu, 20 obraz\u016f v\u00a0Jedli\u010dkov\u011b \u00fastavu a\u00a0mno\u017estv\u00ed sklen\u011bn\u00fdch negativ\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9m archivu Humboldtova univerzita v\u00a0Berl\u00edn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Sb\u00edrka se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, kter\u00e9 W\u00fcrtze zaujaly, a\u0165 u\u017e to byly obrazy \u2013 origin\u00e1ln\u00ed olejomalby a\u00a0litografie nebo kresby, karikatury a\u00a0v\u00fdst\u0159i\u017eky z\u00a0tisku, keramika a\u00a0so\u0161ky nebo v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 objekty souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s\u00a0posti\u017een\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Soubor zobrazuje posti\u017een\u00e9 osoby nebo obrazy vztahuj\u00edc\u00ed se k\u00a0posti\u017een\u00ed a\u00a0p\u0159edstavuje tak pohled na t\u011blesn\u00e9 posti\u017een\u00ed v\u00a0um\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0Berl\u00edn\u011b v\u00a0meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed, v\u00a0problematick\u00e9 dob\u011b zm\u011bn postoj\u016f k\u00a0posti\u017een\u00ed v\u00a0N\u011bmecku.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0roce 2013, po v\u00edce ne\u017e 80 letech, poprv\u00e9 od roku 1932 byly v\u00a0Praze v\u00a0galerii DOX vystaveny n\u011bkter\u00e9 so\u0161ky a\u00a0grafiky v\u00a0r\u00e1mci v\u00fdstavy \u201ePosti\u017eeni normalitou<\/strong>\u201c, kter\u00e1 vznikla ve spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0Jedli\u010dkov\u00fdm \u00fastavem u\u00a0p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti jeho 100.\u00a0v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00ed. Na n\u00ed byla p\u0159edstavena pr\u00e1ce britsk\u00e9ho um\u011blce Simona Mckeowna (Teesside University, Middlesborough, UK), kter\u00fd se ve sv\u00e9 tvorb\u011b soust\u0159ed\u00ed na sledov\u00e1n\u00ed podob a\u00a0limit\u016f pohyb\u016f handicapovan\u00e9ho t\u011bla a\u00a0sna\u017e\u00ed se je zachytit pomoc\u00ed 3D mapovac\u00ed techniky. Nab\u00edz\u00ed tak novou perspektivu vid\u011bn\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 odli\u0161nosti, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje sledovat handicapovan\u00e9 t\u011blo bez p\u0159edsudk\u016f v\u016f\u010di typu posti\u017een\u00ed, v\u011bku jedince, jeho genderu \u010di rasy.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat, zdokumentov\u00e1n\u00ed sb\u00edrky, v\u010detn\u011b fotogrammetrick\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edprava pro digit\u00e1ln\u00ed prezentaci a\u00a0n\u00e1slednou v\u00fdstavu.<\/p>\n

Vznikla datab\u00e1ze naskenovan\u00fdch sn\u00edmk\u016f a\u00a0vstupn\u00edch dat v\u00a0Praze ve Zdravotnick\u00e9m muzeu a\u00a0Jedli\u010dkov\u011b \u00fastavu. Spole\u010dn\u00fdm motivem obraz\u016f, grafick\u00fdch list\u016f i\u00a0vyst\u0159i\u017een\u00fdch obr\u00e1zk\u016f jsou t\u011blesn\u00e1 posti\u017een\u00ed i\u00a0politick\u00e1 a\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u00e9mata, jako v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00ed veter\u00e1ni, chudoba, \u017eebr\u00e1ctv\u00ed, nezam\u011bstnanost. Najdeme zde tak\u00e9 vyobrazen\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fdch a\u00a0slavn\u00fdch osobnost\u00ed s\u00a0t\u011blesn\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm, portr\u00e9ty nebo posti\u017een\u00ed ztv\u00e1rn\u011bn\u00e9 v\u00a0mal\u00ed\u0159stv\u00ed v\u00a0klasick\u00fdch d\u00edlech, sn\u00edmky so\u0161ek antick\u00fdch i\u00a0orient\u00e1ln\u00edch. Sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto maj\u00ed v\u00a0neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b karikatury, ale najdou se tu tak\u00e9 poh\u00e1dkov\u00e9 a\u00a0nadp\u0159irozen\u00e9 bytosti nebo n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 motivy.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Litografie \u2013 karikatura \/ ze sb\u00edrek ZM NLK, MW 423<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n

Sklen\u011bn\u00e9 negativy jsou ulo\u017eeny v Berl\u00edn\u011b na Humboldtov\u011b univerzit\u011b. Jsou na nich zdokumentov\u00e1ni jak zam\u011bstnanci Oskar-Helene-Heim \u2013 l\u00e9ka\u0159i a sestry nebo pacienti s\u00a0posti\u017een\u00edm, tak i ortopedick\u00e9 pom\u016fcky, budovy, n\u00e1bytek a n\u011bkter\u00e9 so\u0161ky a grafiky. Prob\u00edh\u00e1 porovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obraz\u016f na sklen\u011bn\u00fdch negativech se skute\u010dn\u00fdmi p\u0159edm\u011bty v r\u00e1mci cel\u00e9 sb\u00edrky, za\u00a0\u00fa\u010delem zjistit, zda n\u011bkter\u00e9 expon\u00e1ty chyb\u00ed nebo zda byla sb\u00edrka p\u016fvodn\u011b je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed projektu je fotogrammetrick\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed sb\u00edrky so\u0161ek, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u00ed britsk\u00fd fotograf a\u00a0specialista na po\u010d\u00edta\u010dovou animaci, vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed efekty a\u00a0fotogrammetrii Andrew Breckill (<\/strong>Middlesborough Institute of\u00a0Modern Art, Teesside University, UK). Fotogrammetrie<\/strong>, na rozd\u00edl od 2D\u00a0fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed, umo\u017e\u0148uje tvorbu digit\u00e1ln\u00edch trojrozm\u011brn\u00fdch model\u016f z\u00a0digit\u00e1ln\u00edch fotografi\u00ed. Zab\u00fdv\u00e1 se rekonstrukc\u00ed tvar\u016f, m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm rozm\u011br\u016f a\u00a0ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm polohy p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou zobrazeny na fotografick\u00fdch sn\u00edmc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

So\u0161ky jsou zhotoveny z\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f materi\u00e1lu, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm porcel\u00e1nu, mnoh\u00e9 jsou velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, jsou na nich patrn\u00e9 zna\u010dky zn\u00e1m\u00fdch i\u00a0m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdch porcel\u00e1nek, n\u011bkter\u00e9 jsou pouh\u00fdmi pou\u0165ov\u00fdmi figurkami nebo u\u017eitn\u00fdmi p\u0159edm\u011bty, jako jsou sl\u00e1nky, sv\u00edcny a\u00a0kalam\u00e1\u0159e. Dal\u0161\u00ed jsou vy\u0159ez\u00e1ny ze slonoviny \u010di d\u0159eva nebo zhotoveny z\u00a0kovu, keramiky nebo kombinace r\u016fzn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 maj\u00ed nejasn\u00fd, snad orient\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u016fvod.<\/p>\n

Jejich spole\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1m\u011btem jsou op\u011bt zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch t\u011blesn\u00fdch posti\u017een\u00ed, \u017eebr\u00e1ci, nemocn\u00ed, lid\u00e9 s\u00a0poruchou r\u016fstu \u2013 achondropl\u00e1zi\u00ed i\u00a0poh\u00e1dkov\u00e9 a\u00a0mytologick\u00e9 bytosti \u2013 trpasl\u00edci, b\u016f\u017ekov\u00e9, \u010f\u00e1bl\u00edci nebo i\u00a0n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 motivy, and\u011bl\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Porcel\u00e1nov\u00e1 a slonovinov\u00e1 so\u0161ka, W\u00fcrtzova sb\u00edrka \/ ze sb\u00edrek ZM NLK, W 149 a W 7<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n

Na projektu se pod\u00edl\u00ed odborn\u00edci na d\u011bjiny um\u011bn\u00ed z\u00a0Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie, jejich\u017e c\u00edlem je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ur\u010dit p\u016fvod so\u0161ek i\u00a0obraz\u016f, kdo byli tv\u016frci, v\u00a0jak\u00e9m kontextu d\u00edla vznikla, jak\u00e9 bylo jejich p\u016fvodn\u00ed poselstv\u00ed, jak se prom\u011b\u0148ovalo v\u00a0\u010dase a\u00a0jak\u00fd v\u00fdznam d\u00edla z\u00edskala jako sou\u010d\u00e1st W\u00fcrtzovy sb\u00edrky.<\/p>\n

Sv\u00fdm rozsahem a\u00a0d\u016fle\u017eitost\u00ed obraz\u016f posti\u017een\u00fdch lid\u00ed se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0unik\u00e1tn\u00ed sb\u00edrku. C\u00edlem projektu je zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9 sb\u00edrky, v\u0161ech jej\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed jak v\u00a0N\u011bmecku, tak u\u00a0n\u00e1s, zp\u0159\u00edstupnit ji pro v\u00fdzkum a\u00a0zachytit ji v\u00a0digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podob\u011b, analyzovat vzorek obraz\u016f a\u00a0soch z\u00a0hlediska prezentace posti\u017een\u00ed v\u00a0um\u011bleck\u00fdch d\u00edlech a\u00a0v\u00a0historick\u00fdch souvislostech.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdstupem projektu budou dv\u011b v\u00fdstavy v\u00a0Berl\u00edn\u011b a\u00a0Middlesborough, m\u011bly by se uskute\u010dnit v\u00a0r.\u00a02024\u20132025 a\u00a0p\u0159edstavit ve\u0159ejnosti \u201etop 100\u201c kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch sn\u00edmk\u016f v\u010detn\u011b dvourozm\u011brn\u00fdch um\u011bleck\u00fdch d\u011bl a\u00a03D virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch sn\u00edmk\u016f so\u0161ek.<\/p>\n

Literatura:<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Archiv Zdravotnick\u00e9ho muzea NLK<\/li>\n
  2. CU\u0158\u00cdNOV\u00c1, Ludmila. Kuri\u00f3zn\u00ed sb\u00edrka si d\u00e1l st\u0159e\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e1 tajemstv\u00ed.\u00a0Medical tribune (Praha)<\/em>, 2005, Ro\u010d.\u00a01, \u010d.\u00a013, s.\u00a024. ISSN:\u00a01214-8911.<\/li>\n
  3. MUSENBERG, Oliver a MUSENBERGOV\u00c1, Karolina. Zdol\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed “mrz\u00e1ctv\u00ed” \u2013 pedagog Hans W\u00fcrtz, jeho sb\u00edrka a\u00a0“Kr\u00fcppelp\u00e4dagogik” 20.\u00a0let v\u00a0N\u011bmecku.\u00a0Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pedagogika (Praha)<\/em>, 2011, ro\u010d.\u00a021, \u010d.\u00a04, s.\u00a0292\u2013306, 331. ISSN:\u00a01211-2720.<\/li>\n
  4. MUSENBERG, Oliver.\u00a0Der K\u00f6rperbehindertenp\u00e4dagoge Hans W\u00fcrtz (1875\u20131958): eine kritische W\u00fcrdigung des psychologischen und p\u00e4dagogischen Konzeptes vor dem Hintergrund seiner Biographie.<\/em>Hamburg\u00a0:\u00a0Dr.\u00a0Kova\u010d, 2002. 402 stran\u00a0:\u00a0fotografie\u00a0;\u00a021\u00a0cm. ISBN:\u00a03-8300-0661-6.<\/li>\n
  5. W\u00dcRTZ, Hans.\u00a0Zerbrecht die Kr\u00fccken: Kr\u00fcppel-Probleme der Menschheit, Schicksalsstiefkinder aller Zeiten und V\u00f6lker in\u00a0Wort und Bild.<\/em>Leipzig\u00a0:\u00a0Leopold Voss, 1932. 400\u00a0stran, 3\u00a0listy barevn\u00e9 obrazov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edlohy\u00a0:\u00a0ilustrace\u00a0;\u00a034\u00a0cm.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \r\n

    Citace<\/h2>\r\n

    L\u00d6BLOV\u00c1, Veronika. . L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 knihovna<\/i>. Online. 2023, ro\u010d. 28, \u010d. 3-4. ISSN 1804-2031. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7884<\/a> [cit. 05.11.2026].\r\n<\/p><\/h5>\n

    <\/h5>\n

    \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    PhDr. Veronika L\u00f6blov\u00e1, NLK Zdravotnick\u00e9 muzeum NLK uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 mimo jin\u00e9 i\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b rozs\u00e1hlou sb\u00edrku v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed. Jej\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed tzv. W\u00fcrtzova sb\u00edrka, ucelen\u00e1 kolekce so\u0161ek a\u00a0grafick\u00fdch list\u016f, jej\u00edm\u017e spole\u010dn\u00fdm t\u00e9matem jsou lidsk\u00e1 t\u011blesn\u00e1 posti\u017een\u00ed. Sb\u00edrka byla poprv\u00e9 p\u0159edstavena na v\u00fdstav\u011b v\u00a0Oskar-Helene-Heim v\u00a0Berl\u00edn\u011b v\u00a0r.\u00a01932, kdy vy\u0161la i\u00a0W\u00fcrtzova kniha \u201eZerbrecht die Kr\u00fccken\u201c s podrobn\u00fdm seznamem a\u00a0popisem expon\u00e1t\u016f, byla to vlastn\u011b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":0,"parent":7874,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[56],"class_list":["post-7884","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","tag-clanky"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.6","language":"en","enabled_languages":["cs","en"],"languages":{"cs":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7884","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7884"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7884\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8619,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7884\/revisions\/8619"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7874"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7884"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7884"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casopis.nlk.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}